Hi Michael, 
1. For menu changes please add the following CSS on the “Appearance => Customize => Additional CSS” box:
/* Menu item Hover & Active Text Color */
.site-navigation li a:hover,
.site-navigation li a:focus,
.site-navigation .current_page_item > a,
.site-navigation .current_page_item > a {
    color: #e1716b;
}
@media screen and (min-width: 64em) {
	/* Menu Background Color */
	.site-primary-menu,
	.site-navigation ul ul,
	.site-navigation ul ul li,
	.search-container {
		background-color: #000;
	}
	/* Menu Text Color */
	.site-navigation a,
	.social-navigation a, 
	.menu-search-main-toggle {
	    color: #fff;
	}
	/* Sub-menu Border and Color */
	.site-navigation .menu-item-has-children > ul,
	.site-navigation .page_item_has_children > ul {
		border-top: 3px solid #e1716b;
	}
}
2. On the slider of the Adventurous Pro theme, there is only image opacity on hover and there is no overlay. Also, I don’t see any content alignment feature on the slider. If you want the same opacity CSS then you can add the following CSS:
#feature-slider-section .slides:hover img,
#feature-slider-section .slides:focus img {
	opacity: 0.9;	
}